MXene-based hydrogel disrupt bacterial biofilms and reprogram immune cell metabolism to reverse bone resorption in periodontitis

Researchers in Lin Quan's research group at Jilin University have developed an injectable MXene-based hydrogel specifically for treating periodontitis. This hydrogel, named GQM, consists of oxidized gellan gum, quaternized chitosan, and magnesium-tannic acid-modified MXene nanosheets. It can be injected into periodontal pockets, overcoming the problem of traditional drugs' inability to remain within these pockets. Under near-infrared light irradiation, it can gently disrupt bacterial biofilms through photothermal activity, while the electrostatic effect of the QCS (quaternary cytosolic crystals) helps kill periodontal pathogens. Furthermore, the nanosheets promote electron transport, restore mitochondrial NAD+/NADH balance, and induce macrophages to transform into the M2 type. In a rat model of periodontitis, GQM combined with near-infrared light therapy reduced bacterial count, inflammatory response, and alveolar bone resorption. The MXene-based hydrogels treat periodontitis by disrupting bacterial biofilms and reprogramming immune metabolism, offering a novel strategy for its management. Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease worldwide. It leads to periodontal tissue destruction, alveolar bone resorption, and ultimately tooth loosening and loss, severely impacting patients' oral function and quality of life.... [3792 chars]